When Prince Charles, who is turning 70, becomes king on the death of his mother Queen Elizabeth, he will have waited longer than any of his predecessors to head a royal family that dates back 1000 years.
Some monarchists fear, and republicans hope, he will be a poor king.
His admirers believe his wisdom, thoughtfulness and concerns for conservation and the environment will win him the public support he deserves.
Overshadowing it all is his late first wife, Princes Diana, the acrimonious end to their marriage, and the enduring hostility in some quarters to his second wife Camilla, the Duchess of Cornwall.
Charles Philip Arthur George, Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Earl of Chester, Lord of the Isles, and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland was born at Buckingham Palace on November 14, 1948.
He was four when his grandfather George VI died and his mother ascended to the throne at the age of 25.
The following year, Charles watched with his grandmother and aunt, the late Princess Margaret, as Elizabeth was crowned queen of 16 realms.
He despised his Scottish school, Gordonstoun, but was the first royal heir to get a degree after studying at Cambridge University.
Charles was made Prince of Wales at a grand ceremony in 1969. But at 92 his mother remains in good health with no plans to abdicate, so his wait goes on.
"Frankly we're very lucky he hasn't been king, because whereas the queen has been the most exemplary monarch and has kept the monarchy much in people's esteem, I think Charles would undermine it," said Tom Bower, author of 'Rebel Prince', an unauthorised biography.
Such unflattering biographies portray Charles as an arrogant, weak man who enjoys the trappings of luxury - he has his own royal harpist - is intolerant of criticism, and is a devotee of oddball theories.
Charles' supporters say he is easy quarry, with every action and utterance scrutinised by an often unsympathetic media.
"There's a whole load of stuff that is just not true," a former aide, who spoke on condition of anonymity, told Reuters. "Bower's only spoken to people with a grievance."
So what is he really like?
"He's complicated. I've rarely met anyone so curious about the world as him and eager to know what's going on and why. More than anything, he's got this drive, he's phenomenally hard-working," the ex-aide said.
Simon Lewis, the queen's communications secretary from 1998 to 2001, described Charles as full of enthusiasm, committed, with a "wicked sense of humour".
The prince's working day starts at breakfast - he doesn't have lunch - and finishes near midnight, every day.
In private, Charles is passionate about arts, culture, theatre, literature, opera and pop - he's also a big fan of Leonard Cohen.
Happiest in his garden, he's loves Shakespeare, paints watercolours and has written children's books. He can be fun but also short-tempered and demanding, the former aide said.
Official figures show his recent overseas tours were the most expensive taken by the royals.
"He's ... intent on a very, very hyper-luxurious way of life, flying by private jet, (using the) royal train," said Bower.
Charles rejects such claims.
"Oh, don't believe all that crap," he told an Australian radio station in April when asked if it was true he travelled with his own toilet seat as Bower described.
Charles' campaigning for causes such as the environment and climate change has led to accusations he is interfering in matters British royals should avoid.
However, Charles has said it would be "criminally negligent" not to use his position to help people and his role has allowed him to express strong views. That would be impossible for a monarch, who under Britain's unwritten constitution, must remain apolitical.
"There's a whole of lot of things I have tried to focus on over all these years that I felt needed attention, not everybody else did, but maybe now some years later they're beginning to realise that what I was trying to say was not quite as dotty as they thought," Charles said in an interview with younger son Harry in 2017.
He has long railed against a throwaway economic model that has polluted the world's oceans with plastic, now a mainstream concern.
But other views, such as his support for complementary medicine, still attract scorn.
However, the issue that most fascinates the public remains Charles's divorce from Diana, her early death in a 1997 Paris car crash and his subsequent marriage in 2005 to Camilla. Some blame Camilla for the failure of his first marriage.
Opinion polls indicate Charles's standing has never fully recovered from damage suffered during the 1990s. A poll in January 2018 found 9 per cent picked Charles as among their favourite royals.
The same poll found 54 per cent had favourable opinions of the prince compared to 24 per cent unfavourable. His mother and sons William and Harry are viewed favourably by more than 80 per cent of Britons.
In a TV interview in 1995, Diana suggested Charles did not want to be king and was not cut out for such a "suffocating" role. Not so, say those who worked with him.
"Charles, the Prince Of Wales, is going to be the best prepared monarch probably in history and I think he'll be a very good king," Lewis said.
Australian Associated Press
